Citizenship: What Happens After Filing Good Moral Character?

Introduction

Good moral character is an important part of the naturalization process. After filing Form N-400, an applicant should understand that USCIS may continue reviewing this requirement throughout the naturalization process. Good moral character generally must be demonstrated during the applicable statutory period and through the time the applicant takes the Oath of Allegiance.

USCIS Reviews the Application and Background

After an N-400 is filed, USCIS processes the application and may conduct background checks and request biometrics. The applicant will generally later receive an appointment for a naturalization interview. During that interview, a USCIS officer reviews the application and background information and may ask questions relevant to eligibility, including issues affecting good moral character.

Applicants should continue to be truthful and consistent after filing. New circumstances can potentially affect an application. Issues involving arrests, criminal offenses, taxes, false statements, or other conduct may require additional explanation or documentation. USCIS’s current policy guidance emphasizes a broader review of the circumstances surrounding an applicant’s conduct when evaluating good moral character.

What Happens at the Interview and After?

At the naturalization interview, the officer may ask questions about the applicant’s N-400 and personal history. If USCIS needs additional evidence or information, it may request that the applicant provide it before a decision is made. Applicants should carefully review any request and respond within the stated timeframe.

Approval of the application does not itself make someone a U.S. citizen. If the application is approved, the applicant must take the Oath of Allegiance at a naturalization ceremony. USCIS states that citizenship is obtained through taking the oath, rather than simply receiving approval of the N-400.

Conclusion

Filing a naturalization application begins a process in which USCIS continues evaluating eligibility, including good moral character, until naturalization is completed. Because the effect of particular conduct or circumstances can vary significantly from case to case, this article provides only general information and is not legal advice. Applicants with questions or concerns about good moral character should consider consulting a qualified immigration attorney about their specific circumstances.