Understanding Eligibility for STEM OPT

Introduction

For many international students in the United States, the STEM Optional Practical Training (OPT) extension can provide additional time to gain professional experience after completing a qualifying degree. The STEM OPT program allows eligible F-1 students to request a 24-month extension of post-completion OPT, but both the student and the employer must satisfy specific requirements.

Who May Qualify for STEM OPT?

STEM OPT eligibility generally begins with maintaining valid F-1 student status and having completed a qualifying bachelor’s, master’s, or doctoral degree in a field included on the Department of Homeland Security’s STEM Designated Degree Program List. The degree must generally be from an accredited institution that is certified by the Student and Exchange Visitor Program. In some circumstances, a student may qualify based on a previously earned STEM degree, subject to additional requirements.

The student must also be in an eligible period of post-completion OPT and meet the applicable filing requirements. The STEM OPT application is generally filed with Form I-765, and the student’s designated school official (DSO) must first recommend the STEM extension in SEVIS. USCIS also requires an appropriately endorsed Form I-20 with the application.

Employment and Employer Requirements

STEM OPT is not simply an extension of employment authorization for any job. The proposed employment must satisfy STEM OPT requirements and be directly related to the student’s qualifying STEM degree. The employer must participate in E-Verify, and the student and employer must complete Form I-983, Training Plan for STEM OPT Students. These requirements are intended to connect the student’s practical training with the student’s academic background and provide an appropriate training experience.

Timing is also important. USCIS generally permits a STEM OPT applicant to file Form I-765 up to 90 days before the expiration of current post-completion OPT. Students should coordinate with their DSO well in advance because the recommendation, Form I-20, employer information, and other supporting documentation must be properly prepared before filing.

Conclusion

STEM OPT can provide valuable additional time for eligible F-1 students to develop professional experience in their fields of study. Because eligibility depends on the student’s academic program, immigration status, employment, employer, and filing timing, prospective applicants should carefully review the requirements with their DSO and, when appropriate, consult a qualified U.S. immigration attorney about their individual circumstances. This article provides general informational content only and is not legal advice or a substitute for advice from an attorney.